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New Light on Felix Paul Greve and Frederick Philip Grove:

 

A Chronology of the Saarbrücken Research and Archival Project

In 1986, thirteen years after the initial publication of first facts and speculations about FPG's life in Germany, the need for more substantiated facts and contexts regarding FPG's German career had still not been satisfied. Surprisingly, no serious attempt had been made to test, revise, and update previous findings. New and more substantial knowledge was indispensible to help untangle the knot of autobiographical narrative strands in Grove's writings. Furthermore, Felix Paul Greve's contribution to German culture and literature had still not been examined. As the German Felix Paul Greve was not just a pre-incarnation of the Canadian Frederick Philip Grove but a writer, translator, and literary mediator in his own right, his position in German culture required - and still demands - further study.

Klaus Martens discovers and begins exploring the archives of the publishing house J.C.C. Bruns  in Minden, Westfalen, commonly believed lost or destroyed by other respected researchers. J.C.C. Bruns was Felix Paul Greve's most important publisher between the years 1902 and 1907.

2004

The CCAC presents a series of six lectures on F.P. Grove and aspects of the rise of twentieth-century Canadian Literature in two sessions held under the auspices of the Canadian Comparative Literature Association at the Congress of the Humanities and Social Sciences (University of Manitoba, May-June 2004) entitled: Surveying the Canadian Literary Landscape in the 1920s: Grove and Other Pioneers. Papers were presented by Rosmarin Heidenreich (Winnipeg), David Lucking (Lecce), Klaus Martens (Saarbrücken), Paul Morris (Saarbrücken), Arlette Warken, Hubertus Weyer (co-authored byChristian Weibel).  The papers will be included in a forthcoming publication.

Internet publication: "Baroness Elsa von Freytag-Loringhoven: Theatrical Beginnings."

2003

In April, Achim Ginkel (summer term only), Christian Weibel and Hubertus Weyer join Martens and Morris in the Grove Letters Edition Project.

In May, the University of Alberta Press, in cooperation with the Canadian Review of Comparative Literature, publishes the collection of updated papers from the Edmonton (2000) conference as a book: The Politics of Cultural Mediation. For the first time, new work by leading Canadian and German Grove and Freytag-Loringhoven scholars Richard Cavell, Jutta Ernst, Irene Gammel, Paul Hjartarson, Klaus Martens and Paul Morris (who also contributed a translation of Felix Paul Greve's essay Randarabesken zu Oscar Wilde) becomes available as the product of a successful intercultural project, sponsored by Inter Nationes. The book was edited by Paul Hjartarson and Tracy Kulba, with a foreword by Jonathan Hart.

2002

In February, Martens visited the Grove Archive at the University of Manitoba and obtained a set of copies of the unpublished F.P. Grove-A.L. Phelps conference for inclusion in his edition the the "European and Canadian Letters of F.P. Grove" (working title).

In March, at the invitation of Richard Cavell of the University of British Columbia's Canadian Studies Centre, Martens read his paper "Canada's First Bohemian: F.P. Grove." Another version of this paper was read at the CCAC's April 2002 conference "The Canadian Alternative" at the Universität des Saarlandes. A revised and updated version will be included in a forthcomong collection of essays edited by Martens (2003).

In September, Martens visits several Canadian archives and correspondents in an effort to increase the body of extant FPG letters and other material.

2001

February. At the invitation Professor Whitinger of the Department of German at the University of Alberta, Edmonton, Martens reads his paper "Translation and the Profession of Authorship: F.P. Grove."

Martens's study of Grove's only utopian novel was published: "Science Fiction and Autobiography: "F.P. Grove: Consider Her Ways."  Foundation: The International Review of Science Fiction 30.81 (Spring 2001). A version of the study was first presented at the 1999 conference of Canadian Writers of Fantasy and Utopian Novels at Ryerson University, Toronto.

Publication of Martens's revised and expanded Grove biography: F.P. Grove in Europe and Canada. Translated Lives, introduced by E.D. Blodgett and translated by the author with Paul Morris. The excellently reviewed book contains 46 illustrations and a full bibliography.

Internet publication of Martens's new essay on Elsa von Freytag-Loringhoven, first read in Edmonton the previous year, "Orientalism, Else Lasker-Schueler, and the Baroness Elsa von Freytag-Loringhoven."

October-November 2001: Extended research trips to various archives and places in Germany in pursuit of Elsa von Freytag-Loringhoven´s activities as an artist previous to her immigration to the New World.

Mr. A. Leonard Grove authorizes Martens to edit an edition of his father's European and Canadian correspondence.

2000

In cooperation with Elsa von Freytag-Loringhoven specialists Irene Gammel and Paul Hjartarson, and under the auspices of the Canadian Comparative Literature Association, members of the Saarbrücken CCAC and Grove research team - Jutta Ernst, Klaus Martens, Paul Morris - conducted a section at the 2000 Congress of the Social Sciences and Humanties in Edmonton featuring their most recent FPG and Freytag-Loringhoven work.

Publication of Pioneering North America (2000), ed. Klaus Martens, containing four articles of FPG and Freytag-Loringhoven. The book has been excellently reviewed on both sides of the Atlantic.

Internet publication of Martens´s new research on FPG's and Elsa's 1905-6 sojourns on the French channel coast: "Felix Greve and Elsa on the Channel Coast. An Exploration." The article becomes part of the revised Canadian edition of Martens´s Grove biography (2001)

1999

In 1997, Martens received authorization from Madame Cathérine Gide, the author's daughter, and FPG's son, Mr. A. Leonard Grove, to collect and edit the F.P. Greve-André Gide correspondence, an unpublished collection in the sole possession of Cathérine Gide, which sheds much new light on the all-important, but often misinterpreted, relationsship of these two authors at a seminal period in both their careers. Jutta Ernst and Klaus Martens jointly edit the letters, published in June, 1999, again presented in the context of exhibitions at university libraries of Saarbrücken and Metz, France. The tri-lingual volume (English, French, German) contains facsimiles of manuscript pages annotated by both writers, a facsimile and transcription of Gide's handwritten account of his first meeting with Greve, many photos and illustrations, and two essays by Martens evaluating the significance of the interaction of the two writers. For the first time, scholars were enabled to form their own opinions of the Greve-Gide relationship based on the evidence readily available in a published book. The book has been well reviewed.

1998

The Saarbrücken Canadian Studies Centre hosted an international conference on literary mediation, "Pioneering North America," one section was devoted to FPG and Elsa von Freytag-Loringhoven. It included four papers, presenting new material, by Irene Gammel, Paul Hjartarson, Arlette Warken and Klaus Martens, later collected in the published conference proceedings (2000).

May 1998 - Martens presents a paper on the interaction of Felix Paul Greve and André Gide at a session of the Canadian Comparative Literature Association's meeting at the Congress of the Social Sciences and Humanities in Ottawa. The paper was published as "Battles for Recognition: Greve, Gide, also Blei." Canadian Review of Comparative Literature 25: 3-4 (1998). It was the first paper and publication dealing with the Gide-Greve relationship from a critical perspective.

1997

Publication of Martens' new FPG biography Felix Paul Greves Karriere: Frederick Philip Grove in Deutschland (408 pages, 85 illustrations and photographs, many facisimiles of documents).

Many hitherto unknown or unsubstantiated facts of FPG's childhood and youth in Hamburg become available for the first time. The book contains salient facts and testimonials about his schooling at the famous Gymnasium Johanneum and his signal success as a prize pupil and winner of several scholarships. We learn about his early reading and the influence upon him of other famous Johanneum teachers and students, including Count Kessler and the Warburgs. The book contains a revealing chapter about FPG's student days at the University of Bonn about which none but the mere facts of his attendance had previously been known. As a leading member of the Rowing Fraternity "Rhenus," he became well-known in Bonn and played major public roles that brought him into the company of royalty but also involved him in tragedy that may have influenced his later life. Also included are chapters dealing with FPG`s failed career as an archaeologist at the German Archaeological Institut (DAI) in Rome, including new evidence. Much of the book is dedicated to a reevaluation of Greve's seminal work as a writer, translator, and literary mediator in the context of German literary Aestheticism and the dawning of Expressionism.

The new biography was being presented accompanied by a large-scale exhibition of Grove memorabilia and books at the Saarbrücken University Library. Dramatised excerpts from Greve`s writings, also including his playlet Helena und Damon, were staged to much applause by members of the university´s drama groups in the presence of Mr. A. Leonard Grove, the author's son, his wife Mary, and a large and appreciative audience, including a member of the Dada Baroness´s family, Ms. Gisi von Freytag-Loringhoven, and many academics and writers, among them the novelist Ludwig Harig, the noted translator Eugen Helmlé, and the poets Alfred Gulden and Arnfried Astel.

September-Oktober 1997 - Following leads in Grove's poetry, Martens investigated hints that Felix Paul Greve may have spent time farming in the little town of Sparta, Kentucky. With the help of local residents, material is found that this may indeed have been the case. The surprising findings were published on the World Wide Web in the late fall of 1997 as "FPG in Kentucky: Spartanic Preparations." Reworked versions of this article, including illustrations, were published in a book of essays, Pioneering North America (2000) and the much extended and revised Canadian version of Martens's 1997 Grove biography, F.P. Grove in Europe and Canada. Translated Lives (2001). It has remained the only such extended and carefully researched account of a formerly apocryphal period in the lives of FPG and the Baroness.

1990-1996

In a massive effort to unearth new material about FPG more than two-hundred individuals and institutions are consulted for information. Martens discovers a cache of correspondence and other material relating to private and business dealings between FPG and his publisher J.C.C. Bruns (1994). Dr. Margit Peterfy joins up as a research-assistant in 1992 when Ewald Brahms leaves the team; she leaves in 1999. Dr. Paul Morris arrives in 1994 and Arlette Warken joins in 1995. Susanne Korte, Hubertus Weyer, Christian Weibel, Achim Ginkel joined the research team at various times.

January 1996 – First public presentation of research on Felix Paul Greve in Germany as part of the exhibition "Literary Mediators at the Turn of the Century: J.C.C. Bruns' Publishing House, Its Authors and Translators" at the Saarbrücken University Library.

Martens publishes a kingsize article on FPG`s time at Bonn University in Canadian Literature 151.

1989

Martens leaves Göttingen and continues his work on J.C.C. Bruns and Felix Paul Greve in Saarbrücken, supported by his research assistants Ewald Brahms and Jutta Ernst. – First visit to Weimar, Nationale Forschungs- und Gedenkstätten der klassischen deutschen Literatur, to consult and collect Greve's full correspondence with his publisher 'Insel'.

1987

Research on J.C.C. Bruns and Felix Paul Greve starts as part of an interdisciplinary research-project on literary translation at the University of Göttingen. Emphasis is on the institutional aspects of translation and mediation.

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